Here is a look back at the history of ongoing conflicts and confrontations between Israeli and Palestinian radicals.

What caused the recent conflict?

The current outbreak of violence began in Jerusalem a month ago. The focal point of the conflict was the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem. On the top of a hill revered by Jews and Muslims, Israeli police and Palestinian protesters had a dispute over a legal case involving eight Palestinian families facing their occupation. The situation of the loss of East Jerusalem houses to Jewish settlers.

On Monday, after a weekend of sporadic violence, hundreds of Palestinians were injured in clashes between the Al-Aqsa compound, the third holiest site in Islam, and Israeli security forces. After asking Israel to withdraw its security forces from the compound, Hamas fired a rocket into Gaza. Israel launched air strikes on Gaza.

Israel uses the entire Jerusalem as its capital, while the Palestinians hope that East Jerusalem, including the holy land of Jews, Christians and Muslims, will be the capital of the future nation.

Watch | From the ground in Gaza and Israel:

How does Gaza affect the current situation?

In the war created around Israel in 1948, a large number of Palestinians who fled or were forced to flee what is now Israel eventually fled to Gaza. In that war, Gaza came under Egyptian control.

Israel occupied Gaza as well as the West Bank and East Jerusalem in the 1967 Arab-Israeli War. The Palestinians hope that these three territories will form a future nation.

In 1987, the same year that Hamas was founded, the first Palestinian uprising or uprising broke out in Gaza, which later spread to other occupied territories. The Oslo peace process in the 1990s established the Palestinian Authority and allowed it to enjoy limited autonomy in Gaza and parts of the Occupied West Bank.

After the second and more violent uprising, Israel withdrew its troops and Jewish settlements from Gaza in 2005.

Who currently controls Gaza?

The militant group Hamas won a majority in the 2006 Palestinian legislative elections. This triggered a power struggle with Palestinian President Abbas’ Fatah party, which eventually led to a week of conflict in 2007, which gave Hamas control of Gaza.

After Hamas took over, Israel and Egypt imposed a blockade. Israel, which controls Gaza’s airspace, territorial waters, population registries and commercial border crossings, said it needs to take blockade measures to prevent Hamas and other militant groups from importing weapons. Human rights organizations say the blockade is a form of collective punishment.

The blockade, combined with years of erroneous rule and long-term disputes between Hamas and the Palestinian Authority, has destroyed Gaza’s economy. The unemployment rate is hovering around 50%, power outages are frequent, and tap water is seriously polluted.

Palestinians face strict restrictions on movement, which makes it difficult for them to go abroad for work, study or visit their families.

How did the past conflicts between Israel and Hamas proceed?

The ongoing conflict is the fourth major confrontation between Israel and Hamas since 2008, although there have been sporadic outbreaks. Islamic Jihad armed groups are also involved in this current conflict.

So far, the most serious conflict between Israel and Hamas, the 2014 war, was a conflict that was regarded as a terrorist organization by many countries, including Canada. According to the United Nations, Hamas kidnapped and killed three Israeli teenagers, leading to a seven-week war that resulted in the killing of as many as 2,200 Palestinians, more than half of which are considered civilians. On the Israeli side, 73 people were killed, of which 67 were soldiers.

Israel has been internationally criticized for civilian casualties in the previous three Gaza wars, where there are more than 2 million Palestinians. It said that Hamas is responsible for endangering civilians by placing military infrastructure in civilian areas and firing rockets at them.

Israel’s air strikes and invasion of the Gaza Strip have caused extensive damage, entire communities have been reduced to rubble, and thousands of people have been forced to hide in United Nations schools and other facilities. Israel said it did everything it could to avoid civilian casualties and accused Hamas of using people in the Gaza Strip as human shields.

As of Friday, the Israeli military stated that since the beginning of the current conflict, more than 2,000 rockets have been launched from Gaza to Israel. It said that about half of them were intercepted by Israel’s missile defense system, and 350 people crashed in Gaza-the military says this caused some deaths in Gaza.

In recent years, the range of these rockets has steadily increased, some of which extend to major cities such as Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. Although most people were intercepted by Israel’s missile defense system or landed in open areas, they sowed widespread fear and could lead to a deadlock in their lives.

Earlier this year, the International Criminal Court conducted an investigation into possible war crimes in the Palestinian territories. The actions of Israeli and Palestinian militants in the 2014 war are expected to be reviewed in detail.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu condemned the move as a “dark day of truth and justice.” Israel is not a member of the court and does not recognize its jurisdiction, but the Palestinians have been recognized as a member state and requested an investigation.

How did the previous conflicts end?

Under the diplomatic intervention of Egypt and the United States, the previous conflict came to a halt. In recent years, Hamas has observed instability with Israel, an informal ceasefire, hundreds of millions of dollars in aid to ease the blockade and Qatar (provided regularly through Israel’s Erez border), and transactions have been quiet.

Any larger solution to conflict seems to be out of reach than ever before. In recent years, no substantial peace negotiations have been conducted. Israel’s plan to expand settlements and eventually annex parts of the West Bank has aroused serious criticism from human rights organizations.