Petition this week

This week, we focused on asking the Supreme Court to consider the autonomy of faith-based non-profit organizations to hire only candidates with the same religious beliefs, and Apple’s attempt to change patent validity by expanding patent validity Competition procedures. The jurisdiction of the Federal Court to hear appeals.

The First Amendment stipulates: “Congress shall not enact any laws concerning the establishment of religion or prohibiting its free exercise.” The establishment clause prohibits the federal government from approving specific religions or belief sets. The free exercise clause protects citizens’ right to practice the religion of their choice without government interference.exist Seattle United Evangelical Society v. Woods, The justices faced a question about the free exercise of the right of religious non-profit organizations to hire individuals with the same beliefs.

The United Evangelical Mission in Seattle provides a legal aid clinic to help disadvantaged community members. As a prerequisite for employment, the mission requires regular church visits, the pastor’s recommendation, and an explanation of the applicant’s relationship with Jesus. In 2016, Matthew Woods expressed interest in the vacant position of a staff lawyer in the clinic and revealed to the clinic director that he is currently in a same-sex relationship. The director told him that because his relationship violated the mission’s “religious lifestyle” requirements, he would not be able to apply. Nevertheless, Woods still applied, although he did not meet any other prerequisites for employment.The delegation rejected his application, and he sued for employment discrimination, alleging violation of Washington Anti-Discrimination Act, Discrimination based on sexual orientation is prohibited.

The Washington State Court of First Instance rejected the lawsuit and explained that the mission was not legally bound by the state’s non-discrimination law because it was a religious non-profit organization and therefore belonged to The “employer” exception, It does not include “any religious or sectarian organization that is not organized for private benefit.” The Washington Supreme Court disagreed and overturned it, believing that the immunity might violate the Washington State Constitution that applies to Woods, and sent the case back for retrial to determine whether the staff lawyer is eligible to become a “minister.” Although the mission’s legal clinic is a faith-based non-profit organization and hopes that its staff’s lawyers “share their faith with clients”, the clinic also engages in legal activities separate from the ministry, and the court found “no sign Show that religious training is necessary” for such a position. The delegation asked the judge to review and explained that if the court does not intervene, the Washington Supreme Court’s decision will “threate to eliminate” religious non-profit organizations, or at least eliminate their right to “believe in faith”.

Next, Apple Inc. v. Optis Cellular Technology, LLC It involves the ability of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit to hear patent trials and appeals from the Board of Appeals. In order to improve the patent review process, Congress created multi-party review, which is an administrative procedure that can be used as an alternative to litigation to review the validity of patents.Despite this procedure, Apple claims that the Director of the Patent and Trademark Office often takes action to undermine the opportunity to participate in multi-party review by enacting a rule, namely NHK——Fendi The rule, in view of pending patent infringement litigation involving the same patent, requires the board of directors to refuse review when it is “inefficient.” Apple argues that Congress only grants such powers when litigation involving the same patent is ongoing, and does not grant such powers to refuse to review pending parallel infringement lawsuits.

The core of the problem is that the Federal Circuit has the power to take action when the committee improperly rejects a request for multi-party review based on illegal rules. After rejecting Apple’s previous petitions, the company tried to argue that these rejections were illegal because NHK-Fendi The rules used to justify it are beyond the authority of the PTO under the PTO Leahy-Smith American Inventions ActHowever, the Federal Circuit dismissed Apple’s complaints every time—because of lack of jurisdiction—and deemed it unavailable to perform its duties. Apple argued that this position undermined Congress’ intentions because it ruled out judicial review in any case, even if the agency rejected the petition “on the basis of a coin toss”. Apple requires the judge to accept the case and enable the court to review the PTO’s decision.

These and others Petition this week as follows:

Apple Inc. v. Optis Cellular Technology, LLC
21-118
problem: Can the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit pass an appeal or an injunction to review the decision of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to reject a multi-party patent review request? Leahy-Smith American Inventions Act, Is arbitrary or capricious, or is adopted without the necessary notification and comment rule making.

González-Bermúdez v. Abbott Laboratories Public Relations
21-138
problem: (1) If the position, responsibilities, and supervisor of the plaintiff and the comparator are different, whether the evidence of the comparator can support the inference of discrimination; (2) The jury does not believe whether the employer’s reasons for unfavorable employment behavior constitute discrimination or retaliation inference.

Rodriguez-Rivera v. United States
21-143
problem: whether U.S. Sentencing Guidelines’ The definition of “controlled substance crime” includes “… conspiracy… committing this type of crime” is limited to those state and federal crimes that completely overlap with the general definition of conspiracy, requiring proof of public conduct and agreement, such as two circuits What the court holds, or whether it doesn’t, has been held as six circuit courts.

Seattle United Evangelical Society v. Woods
21-144
problem: (1) Does the First Amendment protect the right of the Seattle United Evangelical Society to hire fellow believers; (2) The refusal to completely exempt the mission from the state grants secular small businesses a non-discrimination law that violates the free exercise clause; (3) Washington Supreme Whether the court violated the free exercise clause, at least showed a “minor suspicion” of hostility to religious belief when deleting the full immunity granted by the legislature.

Zupnik v. United States
21-171
problem: Whatever 18 USC § 2422(b), Prohibits the use of interstate commerce facilities or means to “persuade, induce, induce or coerce” minors to engage in any sexual activity prohibited by state law, and eliminate any activities that merely attempt to cause illegal sexual activity (such as the following courts and other circuit Held by the court), or whether the verb needs more things—the defendant tried to change the minor’s will, change the minor’s mental state, or obtain the minor’s consent in other ways (such as several other The circuit has been held).